The notion onna-rashisa 'womanliness' and the sentence-final particle wa in Japanese
This study discusses the use of the Japanese sentence-final particle wa, which is widely known as a female-speech marker in the language. In Japanese, sentence-final particles are one of the most frequently used linguistic items in spoken conversation, and as pointed out by many studies (McGloin, 1990; Ide and Sakurai, 1997; Hayashi, 2000; Katagiri, 2007), it is difficult and unnatural to have a conversation without using these particles. Reflecting their significance, numerous studies have been dedicated to the issue of these particles from an early stage in the study of modern Japanese.